A 27-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, presents to her obstetrician at 12 weeks of gestation for routine prenatal care. She has no significant medical history and reports feeling well, with no symptoms of fatigue, jaundice, or abdominal pain. Her family history is notable for hepatitis B in her mother. As part of routine prenatal testing, the patient’s hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is found to be positive. Further tests reveal the following: HBeAg: Positive HBV DNA Levels: 1,000,000 IU/mL Liver Function Tests: Normal (ALT and AST within normal limits). Which medication is considered safe and effective for reducing maternal viral load in hepatitis B-positive pregnant women?
A newborn infant was born to a mother who was diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection during her pregnancy.When should a newborn receive the hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG if the mother is HBsAg-positive?
A 28-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, presents to her obstetrician at 12 weeks of gestation for routine prenatal care. She has no significant medical history and reports feeling well, with no symptoms of fatigue, jaundice, or abdominal pain. Her family history is notable for hepatitis B in her mother. As part of routine prenatal testing, the patient’s hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is found to be positive. Further tests reveal the following: HBeAg: Positive HBV DNA Levels: 1,000,000 IU/mL Liver Function Tests: Normal (ALT and AST within normal limits). What is the most effective strategy to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B from a mother with a high viral load?
Sarah, a 32-year-old woman living with HIV, is currently 36 weeks pregnant. She has been diligently adhering to her antiretroviral therapy throughout her pregnancy. Her current viral load is 1300 copies/mL. Her healthcare team, consisting of an obstetrician-gynecologist and an infectious disease specialist, is closely monitoring her pregnancy and discussing the optimal delivery plan. What is the best option for the delivery of her baby?
A 32-year-old pregnant woman at 36 weeks of gestation attends her routine prenatal visit. She was diagnosed with HIV during her first trimester and initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a combination of tenofovir, emtricitabine, and dolutegravir. Her prenatal course has been uneventful. There is no evidence of opportunistic infections or pregnancy-related complications. Clinical Assessment: Current viral load: 1,200 copies/mL. CD4 count: 500 cells/μL. At what gestational age is an elective cesarean delivery typically scheduled for an HIV-positive mother with a viral load >1,000 copies/mL?
As you start your rotation on the labor and delivery floor, one of your responsibilities is to screen pregnant women for intrapartum group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis. At what gestational age is universal screening for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) recommended during pregnancy?
As you start your rotation on the labor and delivery floor, one of your responsibilities is to identify patients who need intrapartum group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis. Which patient does NOT require intrapartum GBS prophylaxis?
As you start your rotation on the labor and delivery floor, one of your responsibilities is to identify patients who need intrapartum group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis. Which of the following is an indication for intrapartum GBS prophylaxis?
A 26-year-old woman presents to her obstetrician-gynecologist with a positive home pregnancy test. She is unsure of her last menstrual period (LMP) due to irregular cycles. She has experienced abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding for the last 3 days. Which of the following is an indication for performing a pelvic ultrasound to determine gestational age?
Jane, a 28-year-old woman, presents to her obstetrician-gynecologist with a positive home pregnancy test. She is unsure of her last menstrual period (LMP) due to irregular cycles. A pelvic ultrasound is performed to estimate the gestational age. Which measurement is considered the gold standard for estimating gestational age in the first trimester?