Of the following, which medication needs regular thyroid function tests and liver function tests for monitoring its toxic effects on the body?
During your morning rounds, one elderly woman suddenly became unresponsive. Her cardiac monitor showed ventricular fibrillation. You cannot feel her pulses. As you prepared to do CPR on this patient, you wanted to pull out your ACLS guide from your coat pocket but you could not find it. What is the initial dose of amiodarone for this patient?
A 74-year-old man with recently diagnosed ventricular arrhythmias comes to your office for the initiation of amiodarone therapy. He has been diligently taking his current medications, which include warfarin and allopurinol. He denies any palpitations or chest pain at this time. He is happy with his current wellbeing and current medications. As part of patient education, you should caution this patient about which of the following side-effects of amiodarone?
A 70-year-old man presents with recurrent episodes of syncope. His medical history includes hypertension and atrial fibrillation. A carotid sinus massage is performed as part of the diagnostic evaluation. Of the following, which is true concerning carotid sinus massage?
A 62-year-old male is admitted with fever, cough and chest pain and found to have pneumonia. On days 2, he complains of palpitations associated with anxiety. The nurse reports the patient’s blood pressure is 140/80 mm Hg and a heart rate of 160 beats/minute. ECG demonstrated atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. You decided to use some maneuvers before treating him with medications. Of the following, which maneuver is beneficial for atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) reversal to normal sinus rhythm?
A 77 year-old female comes to her gastroenterologist office for an elective colonoscopy procedure. Her medical history is significant for congestive heart failure and hypertension. After the procedure, she reports shortness of breath and palpitations. An ECG is taken, which reveals atrial fibrillation. Emergent cardioversion failed to relieve her symptoms. An extra dose of metoprolol 25 mg improved her shortness of breath and palpitations. She is breathing comfortably on room air with oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry 97%. Blood pressure is 145/94 mm Hg. Heart rate is 112 beats/min at rest. At the time of discharge, she informs you that she is averse to frequent blood tests and prefers to ‘stay at home’. Which of the following medications is indicated for long-term anticoagulation in this patient?
Of the following, which is the major source of thromboembolism and stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?
A 64 year-old male comes to the emergency room and reports that he developed chest pain, shortness of breath and palpitations for the last 6 hours. On further questioning, he reveals that over the last two days he has been drinking excessive amounts of alcohol in celebration of a friend’s birthday. His past medical history is significant only for GERD for which he takes omeprazole. ECG showed irregularly, irregular QRS complexes with no P waves. Laboratory tests revealed normal levels of troponin; elevated liver enzymes and normal renal function. After medical treatment, his condition has improved. He no longer has chest pain or shortness of breath. However, he is still experiencing episodes of palpitations. He is breathing comfortably on room air with oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry 97%. Blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Heart rate is 102 beats/min at rest. At the time of discharge, which of the following medications is indicated for this patient?
A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes presents to the clinic with complaints of intermittent palpitations, fatigue, and shortness of breath for the past week. He reports occasional episodes of dizziness but denies chest pain or syncope. The symptoms are more noticeable after mild exertion, such as climbing stairs. ECG Findings are significant for absence of P waves, irregular R-R intervals, and fibrillatory waves consistent with atrial fibrillation. You wanted to use CHA2DS2-VASc score as part of your management of this patient. What is the CHA2DS2-VASc score used to assess?
Timothy, a 72-year-old man, presents to the emergency department complaining of palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue. His medical history includes hypertension and coronary artery disease. An electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals an irregular rhythm with a rapid ventricular rate, consistent with atrial fibrillation. Q.Of the following what are the mechanisms for rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation A.Cardioversion B.Medications C.Both Correct answer is C. In patients with atrial fibrillation, rate control can be achieved with cardioversion, medication, or both. The decision is based on the clinical picture, time in atrial fibrillation, and shared decision-making.Which medications are first-line therapies for chronic rate control in atrial fibrillation?
