A 52-year-old woman presents to her rheumatologist with a 5-year history of dry eyes and mouth, fatigue, and joint pain. She was diagnosed with Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) two years ago based on positive anti-SSA antibodies, a salivary gland biopsy showing lymphocytic infiltration, and clinical symptoms. Recently, she reports unintentional weight loss, night sweats, and a palpable lump in her neck. Her doctor is concerned about a potential complication of SS. Which of the following cancers is this patient at significantly higher risk of developing due to her Sjögren’s Syndrome?
A 65-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and recent bone marrow transplantation presents with confusion, severe kidney injury, and petechial rash. Her labs show schistocytes on blood smear, severe anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Question: What is the most likely differential diagnosis in this patient?
A 2-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with bloody diarrhea for the past 3 days, now developing pallor, fatigue, and decreased urine output. His blood tests show an elevated serum creatinine, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Question: Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms?
A 7-year-old girl is admitted with fatigue, pallor, and decreased urine output following a 4-day history of bloody diarrhea. Laboratory findings reveal hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated creatinine. A stool culture is positive for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The attending physician is discussing management strategies. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment approach?
A 6-year-old boy presents with lethargy, pallor, and decreased urine output following a 5-day episode of bloody diarrhea. His laboratory tests reveal hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated creatinine. Stool culture is positive for E. coli O157:H7. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome in this patient?
A 5-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department with fatigue, decreased urination, and a one-week history of bloody diarrhea. Her parents report she had recently eaten at a local petting zoo and experienced abdominal cramps before the onset of diarrhea. Physical examination reveals pallor, mild periorbital swelling, and petechiae on her legs. Which of the following laboratory findings is most indicative of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
A 2-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea for the past four days. His parents report that he visited a petting zoo and consumed undercooked hamburgers at a family gathering a week ago. Over the past 12 hours, he has had no urine output, appears fatigued and pale, and has swelling around his eyes. Physical examination reveals: •Pallor, irritability, and periorbital edema •Petechiae on the lower extremities •Blood pressure: 130/85 mmHg (elevated for age) Laboratory findings: •Hemoglobin: 7.5 g/dL (normal: 11-14 g/dL) •Platelets: 90,000/mm³ (normal: 150,000-450,000/mm³) •Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 60 mg/dL (normal: 6-24 mg/dL) •Creatinine: 2.8 mg/dL (normal: 0.2-0.4 mg/dL) •Blood smear: Numerous schistocytes Question: Which of the following is the most likely causative organism of this patient’s condition?
