A 45-year-old man comes to your endocrinology office to discuss the management of his diabetes. His most recent hemoglobin A1c is 8.9%. He is currently taking metformin for diabetes and atorvastatin for hyperlipidemia. He insists that he does not want to take ‘shots’ for his diabetes. He has been strictly following diet and exercise instructions. He asks you if you think metformin is going to be sufficient treatment for his diabetes. In addition to lifestyle modifications and metformin, you ask him to consider taking an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor for the management of his diabetes. He asks you about the principal adverse effects of these medications. Of the following, which is the principal adverse effect of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors ?
