A 54-year-old man presents to the clinic for a pre-employment physical examination. He has no complaints other than ‘occasional coughs and colds’. His only concern is elevated blood pressure for the last 4 weeks. He made some lifestyle changes including exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation and a low-salt diet. His temperature is 99 ⁰ F, heart rate is 72 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 14 breaths per minute, and blood pressure is 160/90 mm Hg. You prescribe hydrochlorothiazide to treat his hypertension.What is the major site of action of this medication?
A 54-year-old man presents to the clinic for a pre-employment physical examination. He has no complaints other than ‘occasional coughs and colds’. His only concern is elevated blood pressure for the last 4 weeks. He made some lifestyle changes including exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation and a low-salt diet. His temperature is 99 ⁰ F, heart rate is 72 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 14 breaths per minute, and blood pressure is 160/90 mm Hg. You prescribe hydrochlorothiazide to treat his hypertension. Which of the following is true about this medication?
A 54-year-old man presents to the clinic for a pre-employment physical examination. He has no complaints other than ‘occasional coughs and colds’. His only concern is elevated blood pressure for the last 4 weeks. He made some lifestyle changes including exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation and a low-salt diet. His temperature is 99 ⁰ F, heart rate is 72 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 14 breaths per minute, and blood pressure is 160/90 mm Hg. You prescribe hydrochlorothiazide to treat his hypertension. Which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication?
A 55-year-old woman presents to your office because she would like to get started on a medication for hypertension.She reports she feels well and has no complaints today. Her blood pressure today is 140/86 mm Hg. Routine laboratory tests done are within normal limits. She never smoked and has no family history of abdominal aortic aneurysm. What is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?
A 58-year-old female presents to your office for an annual physical examination. She reports that she ‘completely feels fine’. She has no significant medical history. She does not take any regular medications except ‘some natural stuff’. Her temperature is 99 °F (37.2 °C), heart rate is 84 beats/min, blood pressure is 165/105 mm Hg, respirations are 19 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation is 97% on room air. She reports when she ehcks at home, her blood pressure is around 160/95 mm Hg. Physical examination is unremarkable. Which of the following is the appropriate next step in her management?
Of the following, which is the most effective diet for controlling blood pressure and treating hypertension?
A 52-year-old man presents to your clinic for pre pre-surgery physical examination. He has no complaints other than occasional backaches. He is due for a surgery for right hip replacement. During the history taking, you discover that he is a smoker and an alcoholic. He works as an electrician. His vital signs are His temperature is 99.8 ⁰ F, heart rate is 82 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute, blood pressure is 167/88 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation is 97% of room air. Physical examination is significant for obesity. Patient is disappointed that he cannot undergo his hip replacement surgery without controlling his blood pressure. Routine laboratory tests yielded normal results. In addition to medications, he would like to try some lifestyle changes to treat his hypertension. Which of the following yields best results in reducing blood pressure in this patient?
A 12-year-old girl is brought to your primary care center by her parents for having fever, joint pains and a rash. The pain moves from joint to joint. Her parents are particularly concerned about involuntary, uncoordinated movements of her tongue, face and upper extremities. On review of systems, you discover that he suffered from a sickness 2 to 3 weeks ago, which was assumed to be a viral infection and treated with acetaminophen and fluids. Physical examination is notable for involuntary movements in the face and upper extremities. When you asked the patient to squeeze your hand, she made repetitive irregular squeezes. There are subcutaneous nodules on both upper and lower extremities. You also noticed branching erythematous ring-shaped rash over the extremities. As you discuss the diagnosis with the girl and her parents, the parents asked you about the most feared complication of this disorder. Which of the following disorders is the most serious complication of this disease?
